Ferro vanadium is an important ferroalloy additive, the vast majority of vanadium products are still used in the form of ferro vanadium in the iron and steel industry, at present there are two kinds of low phosphorus ferro vanadium production process for electro-aluminium thermal method and electro-silicon thermal method respectively. The phosphorus content of electro-aluminium thermal method is generally P≤0.03%, and the phosphorus content of electro-silicon thermal method is generally P≤0.05%.
Ferrovanadium is a product prepared by reducing vanadium-containing raw materials (V2O3 and V2O5) into vanadium metal at high temperature and fusing it into ferro-water. Silicon and aluminium are commonly used reductants for smelting ferro-vanadium. The smelting of ferro-vanadium with silicon as reductant requires an additional source of electric heat, because the smelting is carried out in an electric arc furnace, so it is called electrosilicon heat method.
Electrosilicon method of producing low phosphorus ferrovanadium must grasp two important links: 1) raw material control, 2) smelting control. Like other ferroalloy smelting process, electrosilicon smelting is also an electric furnace reduction smelting process. The principle of smelting dephosphorisation is generally oxidative dephosphorisation and reductive dephosphorisation. The former is with the help of phosphorus capacity of strong alkaline slag to make it dephosphorus, the latter is the use of strong reducing elements (such as Ca, Mg, etc.) dephosphorus.
However, studies have shown that ferrovanadium cannot effectively produce low phosphorus ferrovanadium using oxidative and reductive dephosphorisation in the smelting process, so the only effective control condition for the production of low phosphorus ferrovanadium by electrosilicothermal method when controlling the concentrate into the furnace is controlling the P content of raw and auxiliary materials to meet the low phosphorus requirement.
Secondly, smelting operation will also have an impact on low phosphorus. Smelting, a large amount of phosphorus in the refractory material into the iron, will cause the phosphorus content is high, to control at 0.05% or less, you need to: shorten the single-furnace smelting time, low-temperature smelting, sputtering slag to protect the furnace. This can reduce the furnace lining burnout, and at the same time reduce the slag in the P into the molten iron, reducing the phosphorus content.
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